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Ambuj Tripathi's avatar

The US is innovation-heavy and has historically taken risks, largely because of its deep fiscal pockets and global dominance. It allows innovation to flourish first and only steps in with regulation once problems emerge—whether in the case of subprime mortgages or crypto. India, by contrast, cannot afford such risk-taking. With no deep fiscal reserves and a still vulnerable population, heavy regulation from the outset is necessary and rightly so.

But regulation without innovation only takes you so far. India’s infrastructure success is remarkable, yet it stems more from risk-averse policies than true innovation. Take AI as an example: Europe is focused on constant regulation, with little actual innovation, while the US gives innovators a free hand until something goes wrong because it can absorb the consequences.

The key point is that countries are at different stages of the cycle. India needs to strike a balance. A 300–400-page red herring prospectus is neither genuine transparency nor effective risk management; it is instead a compliance burden, an exercise in risk-avoidance that often includes everything even what is non-essential.

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Sandeep Parekh's avatar

Well put. Our prospectuses now average 1000 pages! US prospectuses are 150 to 200 pages long.

Sandeep Parekh

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Dheeraj Choudhary's avatar

I don't have much understanding of US markets but I can say for sure that SEBI has done a phenomenal job in creating transpareincy. If there is one thing that works in India is SEBI, fast, precise and on the point. Yes, there are certain areas where regulator should let the market force decide. Over-all apart from last SEBI chiefs, everyone has done a great job in making the Capital Market move forward.

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Sandeep Parekh's avatar

Agree - SEBI has been an open and market focused regulator - more than any other Indian regulator.

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Abhijeet Kislay's avatar

India only liberalized capital markets in the 1990s, decades after the U.S., Japan, and Europe had already built deep financial systems.

By the time India introduced dematerialization, electronic trading, or T+1, the technologies were proven elsewhere. Implementing them wasn’t high-risk experimentation but rather copying best practices with local tweaks.

What looks “bold” in hindsight to me means as inevitable modernization, because staying paper-based would have been unsustainable. 🤷🏻‍♂️

Irrespective, the execution is praiseworthy. But I don’t see it bold as from an ideation point of view.

Another way to understand it is: Delhi metro is so savvy compared to New York subway. But New York had city subways since 1890s! A time when “political India” didn’t even exist. Does that mean the fanciness of metro in Delhi is bold? There’s definitely greatness in execution which goes to Delhi! But innovation? No!

Similarly so with the markets.

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Sandeep Parekh's avatar

That's a fair comment. Nonetheless, we were the first in many of the modernisation moves.

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Guruprasad Jambunathan's avatar

Well articulated! Given the volume and pace of case clearance in the Indian judiciary, may be the current approach is probably the best one under the circumstance. To be fair, SEBI is also now focusing on reducing compliance burden and hopefully we will reach a middle ground soon.

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Zerodha's avatar

Thank you!

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